Author: Universidad de Chile
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Company: http://www.uchile.cl

Influence of Ripening in the Concentration of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado Oils from two Harvests Extracted by SCO2
^1Jaime Ortiz-Viedma*, ^1Eduardo Castro, ^1Camila Mella, ^1Marcelo Mancilla, 
^2Fernando Osorio.
^1Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. ^2Facultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 

The Hass avocado oil (Persea americana Mill) is an innovative and emerging Premium. This oil is known for its nutritional properties similar to olive oil, given its high oleic acid content, the presence of tocopherols, lutein and high in phytosterols. Because unlike other avocado fruit begins to ripen once it has been harvested from the tree, the goal of this study was to determine the effect generated by the maturation of the quality of the oil obtained by supercritical extraction of fruit harvested in two different periods, Quillota area (Region of Valparaiso, Chile) pre-ripened at 5 °C for 40 days followed by its final maturity at 20 °C for attaining the state of consumption. The oils were obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction from dried and ground samples without peels and seeds. The oil obtained was tested for fatty acid composition by GLC, tocopherols by HPLC-Fluorescence, lutein by UV and its oxidation from the determination of the peroxide and anisidine value. These values ​​were compared with those of the oil extracted by solvents (chloroform / methanol). The characterization of the lipid profile oil avocado freshly harvested was extracted by SC-CO2 showed the majority presence of oleic acid (56.9 ± 0.70%) and a high level of linoleic acid (17.33 ± 0.29%) and palmitoleic (6.9 ± 0.17 %). The oil extracted by SC-CO2, present an initial value greater than that presented by the oil extracted by solvent (151,48 v/s 108.04 μg /g oil, respectively). Furthermore, both extraction methods showed a decrease (p <0.05). α-T and α-T3 during the ripening time at 5° and 20° C. The lutein content in the solvent extracted oil was higher (p <0.05) of the oil obtained by SC-CO2. Furthermore, the lutein content decreased (p <0.05) with aging time in both oils, with a greater loss in the oil obtained by SC-CO2. It was also found that the present oil rancidity increased with aging time in both crops studied.
This work was funded by Fondecyt:  Project 1120312.