Synthesis of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-enriched Triacylglycerides by Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase under Supercritical Fluid CO2
Pando ME., Berrios M., Encina C., Galdames A.,  Aubourg S., Rodríguez A.,
Facultad de Ciencias químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) -enriched triacylglycerides from salmon belly oil n-3 PUFA concentrated high in cis-5,8,11,14,17- eicosapentaenoic (C20:5,EPA) and cis–4,7,10,13,16,19 docosahexaenoic (C22:6, DHA) acids were synthetized by enzymatic esterification reactions using immobilized lipase sn-1,3 (Lipozyme TL IM) from Thermomyces lanuginosus and caprylic acid. A 2 5-1 + star central composite rotatable design of five factors in 28 runs based on response surface methodology was used to develop and optimize pure structured triacylglycerides rich in EPA and DHA. The independent variables under supercritical fluid CO2 (SSCO2) were: reaction time, system pressure, reaction temperature, PUFA/ caprylic acid ratio and enzyme concentration. The effect of PUFA / acid caprylic ratio and temperature of pressurization on the formation of pure triacyilglycerides after the esterification under SCCO2, indicated that high concentrations of PUFA/ caprilic acid: (75/25) and high temperatures (45° C) increased the formation of polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched triacylglycerides, maintaining a fixed time of four hours, 5% of enzyme concentration and a pressure of 200 bar. Similar results were found for PUFA/ caprilic acid (75/25) and enzyme concentration. Independent variables that significantly influenced the formation of pure triacylglycerol were the quadratic interaction of temperature and the enzyme concentration. 
FONDECYT 1120627.